Word: protons
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...could duplicate on earth the 40.000.000° C. at which the sun's centre boils, he might do what he wished with electrons and protons. At that temperature matter's subunits dance around each other and coalesce as atoms; atoms break up into their electron and proton elements; and every explosion, every coalescence scatters atomic energy. Professor Compton cannot duplicate solar heat, but with a mighty X-ray tube, he calculates, he can drive particles of matter at speeds so nearly solar that new atoms will result. His tool will be a 10,000-volt tube, five times...
...work on stronger fields and in terrestrial magnetism is still needed to check him. The theory, says Dr. Einstein, provides a conception for a new geometry of space having for constants the speed of light, the charge of an electron, the mass of an electron, the mass of a proton, and Max Planck's wave-corpuscular light constant...
...atom, tightest bundle of matter which man knows, would be a morning glory pod popping out its electron and proton seeds, if physicists had an electric current of sufficiently high voltage at their hands. General Electric jupiters and Westinghouse thors have produced 5,000,000 volts of static electricity for an instant's duration. Their passing flashes have been useful only to indicate the nature of natural lightning. General Electric's William David Coolidge two years ago succeeded in ramming 350,000 volts through three special vacuum tubes connected in tandem. He got the cumulative, cascading effect...
Practically all the chemists who witnessed the experiment believed that Dr. Bonhoeffer had split the hydrogen atom. Newspapers so reported the event. That was ridiculous. The hydrogen atom, simplest of the 92 elements, has a single proton at its centre and a single electron swinging around that centre. The two may be particles or they may be waves. (The experiment tended to prove that they were waves.) But they are indivisible. To break them up would wipe them out of existence. However, the hydrogen molecule is composed of two hydrogen atoms. Chemists and physicists have believed that both electrons revolve...
...beta rays (electrons, negatively charged particles) rat-tat-tat-ing against the atoms of elements might conceivably change those elements into new and precious forms. Mercury might yet become gold, as alchemists dreamed. Theoretically the procedure is simple. An atom of mercury contains at its centre, 198 protons (positively charged particles) and 118 electrons. Around that nucleus swirl 80 more electrons. These complete the mercury balance of 198 electrons against 198 protons. An atom of gold contains 197 protons and 118 electrons in its nucleus and 79 more electrons shooting around them. If it becomes possible for the beta particles...