Word: psychologist
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Police continue to have an unusually high rate of divorce and suicide. But the macho need to deny any weakness is disappearing. One in every nine Boston police officers has sought counseling from the department's Stress Program, with alcoholism, gambling and depression topping the list of problems. Psychologist Peter Runkle reports that a number of cops he has seen from the force in Sacramento, Calif., have impotence problems, "usually the men who do the best job in the streets." The physical dangers of the job are almost the least of it. "We expect that," says New York Policeman...
...late British psychologist Cyril Burt was eminent in his profession: he held the psychology chair at London's University College, was knighted by King George VI and won the Thorndike award from the American Psychological Association. As a government adviser, he helped restructure the British educational system in the 1940s. Now, five years after his death, Burt is the object of a growing scandal. He has been accused of doctoring data and signing the names of others to reports that he wrote. If the charges are proved true, said Science magazine last week, "the forgery may rank with that...
...debate about heredity and intelligence. His studies of identical twins who grew up apart indicated that heredity-rather than environment-explains most of the differences in IQ scores. But shortly before Burt's death in 1971 at the age of 88, there were academic murmurs that the psychologist's data were suspect. For one thing, the statistical correlation between IQ scores of his identical twins remained the same to the third place after the decimal point as more and more twins were studied-an extraordinary and highly unlikely coincidence. Yet most experts assumed it was an honest...
...later twin studies-Margaret Howard and J. Conway-are not listed in London University records and are unknown to 18 of Burt's closest colleagues. The revelation is crucial: the two women were presumably Burt's field investigators on the twin research at a time when the psychologist was becoming feeble and deaf. It thus seems increasingly possible that the women never existed, that their investigations were never carried out and that Burt invented them and their reports...
Recent allegations that a famous English psychologist falsified the data that led him to conclude intelligence is highly hereditary have led to a sharp controvery among experts at Harvard and other universities over the validity of those conclusions...