Word: psychologist
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Psychologist and Author Rita Freedman of Scarsdale, N.Y., sees the emergence of what she calls fattism, an inclination to associate thinness with prettiness and goodness, and obesity with lassitude and lack of discipline. The way to salvation is, in Barsky's ironic words, a "tanned, trim, taut, toned body" that will be an objet d'art, a masterpiece to be "treasured, meticulously inspected and painstakingly maintained in peak condition." Unfortunately for most Americans, who tend to be groaners and sweaters, that remains an unattainable ideal...
Both American and Soviet behavioral scientists have begun to investigate small-group dynamics, which are likely to assume considerable significance during extended spaceflight. "There are always minor irritations involved in working with other people," says Psychologist Clay Foushee, of NASA's Ames Research Center. "Normally, these are not a problem because you can get up and move away. The trouble occurs when you can't leave a situation." That trouble can become catastrophic. Long Antarctic expeditions, which involve small groups isolated for months, have been marred by fights and occasional violence...
Donald A. Norman is a noted psychologist, yet like many people he switches on the wrong lights, scalds himself in the shower and stands dumb before the mysteries of VCRs. The culprits, he says, are designers who fail to provide visual cues to the operation of a host of gadgets that influence the quality of life. A look at some things that don' t work and some that...
With a handful of scientists and journalists who were also appalled at the easy acceptance of Geller's claims, Randi founded CSICOP, the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal, which today includes such luminaries as Astronomer Carl Sagan, Nobel Laureate Physicist Murray Gell-Mann and Psychologist B.F. Skinner. As CSICOP's point man, Randi sought out TV producers and editors and demonstrated that he could duplicate Geller's feats simply by using distraction and sleight of hand. Geller soon came a cropper. During a disastrous 22-minute appearance on the Tonight show, he failed to perform...
...evidence supports what Floyd knew. In fact, just in time for the basketball playoffs, Stanford Psychologist Amos Tversky released a study that seems to make a myth of the shooter's hot hand. "Very often," says Tversky, "the search for explanation in human affairs is a rejection of randomness." But randomness has a difficult time explaining Larry Bird. Stumbling through the lane in the deciding game of Boston's series with Atlanta, Bird made such an improbable wrong-handed hook shot that he demanded the ball back on the next play, explaining later, "I wanted...