Word: psychologist
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...goatee and longish white hair, Goodman is the quietly charismatic leader of the whole-language movement. "Whole language isn't something that can be summed up in two sentences," he says. "It is a belief system that grounds one's teaching. A pedagogy." Goodman and Frank Smith, a cognitive psychologist, developed the theories behind whole language in the late 1960s. Goodman asked adults and children to read aloud, then studied the ways in which what they said varied from the text. From this work, he concluded that readers rely on context to guess an upcoming word rather than using...
...counterrevolution began in 1990 with the publication of another landmark book, Beginning to Read: Thinking and Learning About Print, by Marilyn Adams, a cognitive psychologist. Adams' purpose, similar to Chall's, was to synthesize innumerable, uncoordinated studies of reading. She came to exactly the same conclusion that Chall did: reading programs that included systematic phonics instruction led to better readers than programs that did not. Programs that combined systematic phonics instruction with a meaning emphasis seemed to work best...
...that opportunity earned us considerable satisfaction, yet there were big stumbles too--a classmate was briefly a welfare mother, and a summa cum laude grad with a Ph.D. is doing "odd jobs"--and the searing realization that we could fall short of our high expectations. Psychologist Susan King Brown admitted in the 25th-reunion book the secret in many of our 50-year-old hearts: how hard it is to come to terms with the fact that "I'm not at the top of my field ... that I will probably never do any significant or well-known intellectual work." Vivien...
Thirty-six years is a long time at any job, much less coaching basketball in the high pressure of the Atlantic Coast Conference, and for the past few years Smith has been talking about retiring to spend more time with his wife, psychologist Linnea Smith, his five children and their grandchildren. "We were always able to talk him out of it," said successor Bill Guthridge, his assistant for 31 years. "This time we couldn't do it." Smith said he realized it was time to go two weeks ago, when he was watching his protege, Larry Brown, push the 76ers...
Promise Keepers declares it has no political agenda. Nevertheless, it makes no attempt to hide its allies on the religious right. As early as 1992, when the group was without a constituency or a mailing list, it received $10,000 in critical assistance from James Dobson, a psychologist and Christian activist who produces the most widely heard Christian daily radio program and is closely allied with the influential religious right Family Research Council lobby in Washington. Since then, Dobson has given Promise Keepers strategic publicity on his radio show, has spoken at a 1993 Promise Keepers rally in Boulder, Colo...