Word: psychologistic
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...Before age seven, it's common for kids to have extreme fear reactions," says psychologist Steven Phillipson, clinical director of the Center for Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy in New York City. "The ability an older child or adult has to distinguish between reasonable and excessive reactions is not yet developed...
...That kind of heavy hand has its opponents. William Pollack, a psychologist who wrote Real Boys' Voices, an exploration of boyhood, contends that such a punitive approach criminalizes childhood behavior and fails to address the root causes of bullying. Dorothy Espelage, an assistant professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign who co-authored a study on bullies, favors a comprehensive approach. "As soon as you pull a bully out of a school, another will take his place," she says. A deeper shift in school culture is required, she argues, because ultimately peer groups, not individuals, promote an ethic...
...Bullying is often performance art. Peter Fonagy, a psychologist who helped develop an antibullying model popular in Topeka, Kans., schools, believes that bullies and their victims usually make up no more than 10% to 20% of any school population. "The whole drama is supported by the bystander," says Fonagy. "The theater can't take place if there's no audience." Seeds University Elementary School in Los Angeles uses "equity guidelines" to target both bullies and bystanders. Parents and students sign contracts at the beginning of the year stipulating that no child may be put down for academic performance, appearance, family...
Andy Williams, the shooter last week in Santee, Calif., "was desolate," says Sybil Wolin, a psychologist who runs a website called Project Resilience. "He tried to reach out even to other kids' parents. The effort failed, and his resiliency failed...
...that to build resilience in a child does not require the molding of a superkid. What's needed is to find one or two things--what Brooks calls "islands of competence"--at which the child can succeed and thus derive a measure of self-confidence. Barry Plummer, a clinical psychologist on the faculty of Brown University's medical school who, in private practice, works with adolescents, says that grownups should "encourage a kid to master something even if he stinks at school--a sport, music, someplace he can go where he is of value. This can build a pocket...