Word: psychologistic
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...more pervasive. "We live in a world of uncertainties," says Harvard's Benson, "everything from the nuclear threat to job insecurity to the near assassination of the President to the lacing of medicines with poisons." Through television, these problems loom up under our very noses, and yet, says Psychologist Kenneth Dychtwald of Berkeley, Calif., the proximity only frustrates us: "We can't fight back with those people...
...attempt to measure the impact of "life change events," Holmes and Psychologist Richard Rahe, working together in the 1940s and '50s, asked 5,000 people to rate the amount of social readjustment required for various events. The result is the widely used Holmes-Rahe scale. At the top is death of a spouse (100 stress points), followed by divorce (73), marital separation (65), imprisonment (63) and death of a close family member (63). Not all stressful events are unpleasant. Marriage rates 50; pregnancy, 40; buying a house, 31; and Christmas, 12. Holmes went on to show that...
Some experts do not agree I that the Holmes-Rahe scale is the best measure of personal stress. By conducting a series of surveys, Psychologist Richard Lazarus, of the University of California at Berkeley, has become convinced that the everyday annoyances of life, or "hassles," contribute more to illness and depression than major life changes. Lazarus cites a poem by Charles Bukowski to illustrate his point...
Other studies of prisoners and hostages have also pointed up the importance of maintaining a sense of control over one's environment. NIMH Psychologist Julius Segal was astonished to learn that one of the American hostages in Iran achieved this by saving a bit of food from his meals and then offering it to anyone who came into his cell. That simple coping strategy had the effect of turning the cell into a living room, the hostage into a host welcoming visitors...
...degrees. After six to ten sessions, at $150 each, patients are weaned from the machines and are able to elicit the relaxation response at home without mechanical prompting. "All biofeedback does is make you more aware of what's going on in your own body," says Psychologist Lyle Miller, who uses the technique at Boston University's biobehavioral sciences clinic. "There is a significant amount of voluntary control over so-called involuntary responses, as the yogis have demonstrated for centuries...