Word: pumpings
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...this versatile 18th Century Swede. When his 60-odd scientific books & pamphlets were finally collected and examined toward the end of the 19th Century it was discovered that Swedenborg had been ahead of his time in almost every field of science. He invented an ear-trumpet and mercury air pump, sketched a submarine, airplane, machine gun, fire extinguisher, steam engine. He propounded the nebular hypothesis before Kant and LaPlace, anticipated all Scandinavian geologists in his studies of paleontology, was first to explain the phenomenon of phosphorescence, beat modern physicists by 150 years with his molecular magnetic theory and modern physiologists...
...Chemist Leon A. Greenberg rigged up the following apparatus at New Haven: a large glass tube through which the experimenters couid exhale into bottles containing fluids having affinities for garlic and onion odors; a gas meter to measure the amount of breath Drs. Haggard and Greenberg exhaled; a suction pump to pull their breath through the detector apparatus...
...organ. But Dr. Carrel's plans of keeping whole hearts, kidneys, ovaries and other organs alive artificially were at a standstill in 1928 when Mechanic Lindbergh became his assistant. The technique was known and the nutrient fluids were at hand. But still lacking was a germ-proof device to pump the fluids through the organs...
...Lindbergh (LL. D., Northwestern and Wisconsin) put his mechanical wits to work and in May 1931 was able to publish anonymously in Science a skimpy description of a pump which Dr. Carrel desired and he designed. It consisted of a spirally coiled glass tube, resembling a hot water heater. The top opening of the Lindbergh tube was connected to the bottom opening by a straight glass tube, and the liquid sealed into the closed tubular circuit. By standing the coil on end and wobbling it, centrifugal force pushed the fluid up to the top of the spiral. There the fluid...
This was a germ-proof pump. By suitable ingress and outlet, Dr. Lindbergh was able to force oxygen or other gases into the continuously circulating fluid and draw it off again. Thus he had a mechanical duplicate of the lungs, heart and blood vessels. Nothing remained but to modify this apparatus so that Dr. Carrel could attach a heart, kidney or ovary...