Word: punch-card
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...Punch-Card Production. To produce stronger and more ductile steel, 17 U.S. companies have adopted another new innovation called vacuum melting. The entire process of melting and pouring steel is carried on in a huge vacuum chamber, operated by remote controls that resemble those in an atomic "hot lab." On a more modest scale, many U.S. companies are also pouring molten steel from their furnaces into a vacuum chamber, producing high-quality, high-stress steel...
...most searching tests man could devise and machine could execute. Last winter, just after new Space Administrator T. Keith Glennan ordered the space shoot, the Air Force, Navy and Marines selected the nation's no likeliest military test pilots (requirement: at least 1,500 flight hours). Clattering IBM punch-card selectors pared the list to 69 men of optimum size, health, intelligence. Offered a chance to volunteer...
...could be applied. "Almost all computers," says Albert Sperry, president of Panellit, Inc., whose business is making automation controls, "are run by the accountants," simply because the most obvious applications are for statistical jobs. Computers are usually put to work first on payroll jobs, which already use highly mechanized punch-card systems. While the computer can often do the work more quickly, it does not pay to put it on a task that is being done efficiently...
From Control to Plans. Statistician Dublin's punch-card tabulators accurately foresaw, 20 years in advance, the great U.S. decline in the incidence of TB. He was among the first to focus attention on the growing menace of diabetes and the role of obesity in shortening life, and he sometimes spotted epidemics-in-the-mak-ing in faraway cities before local health officers did. A stocky, peppery father of four, he cried alarm in the '30s over the declining U.S. birth rate, persuaded birth-control proponents to change their pitch to planned parenthood, and was delighted when...
...PUNCH-CARD TAX forms are being readied by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service for some 35 million U.S. income taxpayers who make less than $5,000 and can use short-form 1040A. The tax card will call for only the taxpayer's name, address, social-security number, dependents and income. It will then be cross-checked mechanically with employers' withholding records, thus enable agents to quickly spot errors or evasions...