Word: punishes
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DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH: THE BIRTH OF THE PRISON by Michel Foucault; translated by Alan Sheridan Pantheon; 333 pages...
...acknowledge than to assess. Like Ludwig Wittgenstein, he is highly regarded in the narrowest of academic circles. This, the sixth translated volume of Foucault's work, reaffirms his meditative brilliance-and Delphic obscurity. As always, Foucault, 51, ransacks history for prefigurations of contemporary power and knowledge. Discipline and Punish analyzes the institution of incarceration as it burgeoned in 19th century Europe and America. Why this sudden, universal appearance? Foucault's answer: to meet the needs of a new, relentlessly scrutinizing "disciplinary" society...
...inscribed in the political functioning of the penal system." Then, within 40 years (1769-1810), Western reformers over threw the penal catechism. An "art of un bearable sensations" gave way to "an economy of suspended rights." But Foucault argues that the real aim of the change was "not to punish less, but to punish better ... to insert the power to pun ish more deeply into the social body...
...left or right have found little social unrest to exploit. Says Irving Fetscher, a political scientist at the University of Frankfurt: "Those students who did try to win over the workers generally failed, and then they turned violent. Either you reshape your view of reality, or you try to punish reality for not conforming to your theories...
...very heart of the issue is the attitude of the thousands of people who concoct and enforce the Government rules. The best of the bureaucratic breed talk sincerely of transforming regulators from cops who are out to punish offenders to public servants who help citizens solve their problems. After all, it was partly a rejection of oppressive, expensive regulation by far-off authorities that led to the creation of this country 201 years...