Word: punishment
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...president responds compassionately but firmly. "They're saying they want to be preserved from the inconvenience of the recession, and I don't blame them." But an income tax increase, he goes on, "would punish most of all the people they claim to represent" by driving businesses which make up the revenue base to other nations with lower taxes...
...workers' health-care costs, society cannot object if those companies intrude on employee life-styles. But as Lewis Maltby of the A.C.L.U. notes, the question then becomes, Where do you draw the line? It is generally legal for a company to declare its workplace a smoke-free environment and punish violaters. How, though, can a corporation or government agency demand that employees like Bone refrain from lighting up away from work, especially since smoking itself is not a crime? High cholesterol levels can lead to heart disease and other health problems. But what right does an employer have to demand...
...moment small children step into their first classroom, they enter a new world of learning. Early childhood education has become a cauldron of fresh and innovative approaches, a place where research is applied with dramatic effect. The days of too much control, overstructured hours and too many "punish mechanisms" -- difficult children forced to take naps -- are going. The old "teacher-directed" activities are also on their way out. So are elements of rote learning: reciting the alphabet and learning the early stages of reading through memorization...
This atavistic trend is a direct result of the Soviet capitulation in the cold war. The core of communism was a strong center: it was from there that the orders and the troops came. A single ruler could intimidate or punish the farthest corner of his domain. The Yugoslavs used to say, "We have six republics, five ethnic groups, four languages, three religions, two alphabets -- and one Tito." Now that there is no Tito, things fall apart; the center cannot hold...
Critics in Congress are pushing the other way, trying to reverse Bush's policy in order to punish Beijing for its brutal treatment of pro-democracy students and its continued repression in Tibet. Senate majority leader George Mitchell introduced a bill that would end MFN in six months unless Beijing shows more respect for human rights, stops using prison labor to produce export goods and curbs its overseas sales of ballistic missiles and nuclear technology...