Word: punjab
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...scenes come from schools in central India and the Punjab Hills, but the daring use of mauve, chartreuse, and orange, and the asymetrical balance are pleasantly familiar to Western eyes...
...with such rapidity that the workings of the government were paralyzed. New Delhi placed the state under direct "President's rule" and ordered new elections to be held after a one-year cooling-off period. Though two religious parties managed to form a fairly strong coalition in the Punjab, the Congress Party successfully brought down the coalition by offering to throw its support to a Sikh minister if he would form a rival government...
...result was violence in Calcutta, where workers closed down plants and offices, set fire to autos and battled police. Though no Communist himself, the Speaker of the West Bengal house chose to suspend the legislature rather than allow the new Congress-supported government to take office. In the volatile Punjab, religious leaders greeted the Congress move as an attack on the Sikhs and warned their followers to defend themselves. The Congress Party had used its muscle to recapture states that it could not win at the ballot box, but it seemed only to have supplanted one kind of chaos with...
...heart attack; in Chandigarh, India. Militant leader of the fiercely proud Sikhs since the early 1930s, Singh stirred up many a political fracas, was jailed by both the British and Nehru as he fought and fasted for the creation of a separate Punjabi-speaking state. The partition of the Punjab state in 1966 failed to satisfy the white-bearded leader who then went to jail for the last time still clamoring for independence...
...general slump in the popularity of the Congress had been accentuated in different regions by regional grievances. In Madras, the main issue that swept the Dravida Munnetra Khazagam to power was fear of the imposition of Hindi as the sole official language of India. In Punjab, the fall in Congress stock was largely due to squabbles attending the partition of the state of Punjab into Punjab and Hariana. In Uttar Pradesh and Delhi, the Jan Sangh certainly gathered a large number of votes through its agitation against cow slaughter...