Word: quarks
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...quarks occur in pairs: up and down, charm and strange and top and bottom. A proton, for example, consists of two up quarks and one down quark...
...last quark conclusively identified was the bottom quark in 1977, sparking a race among scientists to find its partner...
...seeming paradox, the mass of the top quark is nearly 200 times that of a proton. As a result scientists have likened this experiment to smashing together two tennis balls and finding a bowling ball in their place...
Scientists were reluctant to call the results a conclusive discovery although there is only a.25 percent chance that the data was caused by non-top quark phenomena...
...Because the top [quark] is so massive, in a sense it's like a keystone in a bridge," Huth said. "When you find this keystone and put it in, the whole structure all of a sudden becomes apparent. That gives you a window to do the new interesting pieces of physics which you couldn't have really understood without...