Word: quarks
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Charmed Particle. The bit of matter, called the J particle by Ting and the psi particle by Richter, gave solid experimental support to the evolving theory that the basic building blocks of matter are a family of particles called quarks. It provided strong evidence for the existence of the fourth quark, one that has the property that scientists whimsically call "charm." Since the simultaneous findings by Richter and Ting, at least seven more members of the J, or psi, particle family have been discovered, further strengthening the quark theory...
Indeed, the New York Times's new stylebook is more than twice as long as the old one, and the added bulk is largely words and terms that were practically unknown in 1962. Some may eventually prove to be short-lived inventions, but herewith a brief sample: marijuana, quark, ESP, NOW, IUD, OPEC, MIRV, sit-in, mugging, détente...
Finishing behind childs' 24:51.7 and Rojas' 24:55.4 were Mearns of yale. 3rd John quark the Harvard team captain with a 25:26 time and 4th; Ron Van de Kraats of Princeton, 5th Steve Gilmore of Navy, 6th; Jeff Kramer another midshipmen the Steve Flynn of Army, 8th Lesley Aln also of Army, 9th and Harvard's Marsh Jones, who was 10th with a time...
...number of scientists had previously suggested cosmic rays as an ideal weapon to use in the quark hunt. If one of these high-speed bits of matter struck an atomic particle, they calculated, its tremendous energy would accomplish what no man-made atom smasher can do: split that particle into its constituent quarks. A particle with an energy of 200 billion electron volts, for example, might be enough to pry apart the three tightly bound quarks that theoretically constitute a proton. But a machine that can supply such energy will not be available until the AEC completes its giant accelerator...
Unwilling to wait, McCusker's team set up a more simple quark trap in a shed behind the University of Sydney's school of physics. Whenever Geiger counters detected a cosmic shower, they triggered four Wilson cloud chambers, which show the path of any ionized or charged particle that passes through them as a trail of condensed water drop lets. If a quark freed by a collision between a cosmic ray and an atmospheric atom happened to penetrate the cham ber, the physicists reasoned, it would leave a highly characteristic track...