Word: quota
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...categories, and the determining of these categories was done by surnames. This disregarded how many Janowicz' had become Joneses, or how many Schmidts had become Smiths, and, both Janowicz-Jones and Schmidt-Smiths were changed to the British total. Each nation was then given a percentage of the total quota--150,000--proportionate to the percentage of its "immigrants" than a part of the white population. This excludes the Orient, limited arbitrarily, and the western hemisphere, which has no quotas...
Thus England, whose annual U.S. immigration is about 30,000 was given 65,000 quota vacancies, while sources of heavy potential immigration such as Poland, Italy, Czechoslovakia, Austria, and eight other countries shared 24,000 spots. Neither were the 35,000 unused British vacancies redistributed. They were merely wasted, and have been year after year, with the result that while 3,000,000 immigrants have been theoretically admissible by quota, only 836,085, or about 27 percent actually entered...
Such basic difficulties with national origins were further aggravated, strangely enough by a liberal immigration law--the Displaced Persons Act of 1948, which allowed about 400,000 DPs to enter the U.S. In this law the totals from each country were computed, and 50 percent of the quota of each country which sent DPs here was ordered "mortgaged" each year until the total should be accounted for. As an example, only half of Latvia's quota of 235 is now admissable yearly--until the year...
...more recent statute, the Refugee Relief Act, passed last fall, provides for admission of a potential 206,000 newly displaced persons outside of normal quota or "mortgage" provisions. But since then, while $671,000 has reportedly been spent on screening employees, only eight have been admitted, and but 50 visas have been issued...
...characteristically complex language, the section provides that "the status of an alien who was lawfully admitted to the United States a bona fide nonimmigrant...may be adjusted by the Attorney General...to that of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence as a quota immigrant or as a nonquota immigrant...if the alien makes application for adjustment (and if) a quota or nonquota visa is immediately available to him at the time of his application for adjustment (and if such a visa) is immediately available to him at the time his application is approved...Any alien who shall file...