Word: quota
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Cambridge's unique electoral system, Proportional Representation (PR), assures that the diversity of the City will be reflected in the City council. Under PR, voters rank their choices for Council in order (1, 2, 3, etc.). A quota for election is set; after a candidate has reached the quota, his surplus votes are redistributed among his supporters' second choices. After several days of such shuffling, a new council is finally elected. Few Cambridge residents outside of political circles understand the mechanics of the system; all the politicians know its implication--the way to get elected is to seize and hold...
...while three more scientific pollsters were right. Those three-George H. Gallup, Elmo Roper and Archibald Crossley-conducted interviews among a predetermined mix of ethnic, income and age groups that seemed representative of the U.S. population. The other turning point was in 1948, when the pollsters again used this "quota system" of sampling-but were wrong. The U.S. had become so complex that picking just the right population mix was too difficult...
...Defense Department yesterday reduced the June draft call from 29,500 to 20,000. The Pentagon also announced lower draft calls through the fall, including a July quota...
After the freshman indicated their four choices, he explained, the House Assignment Committee--a standing committee of the Faculty--set to work. "Our first aim is to please the students," Watson said, "but we have to stay within certain limits." Each House, for example, has a rank list quota to determine the minimum number of students from each academic "group" the House must admit...
...other specific quota, Watson said, is for secondary school backgrounds. Each House must take a set number--determined as a percentage of its vacancies--of freshmen from each of four school backgrounds: "traditional preparatory schools," which Harvard has been close to for years; Exeter and Andover; "other" private schools; and public high schools...