Word: quotas
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...defense effort, but the operation is being performed as gently as possible. The cut will be based on 1941 model production, which expects to reach a peak 5,200,0000 before the motor year ends Aug. 1-a record exceeded only by glittering 1929. Thus the quota for 1942 models (both passenger cars and trucks) will be about 4,160,000 units, and only in six years has U.S. production exceeded that figure. Moreover, the cut comes at a time when the market is presumably close to saturation: production for the calendar 1940 was 4,480,000 units; this year...
Moreover, the big automobile manufacturers would have had to turn over to the Government most of the profits they might have made on the cars banned by the quota agreement. G.M., with an estimated excess-profits exemption of $180,700,000, earned $236,388,227 last year before excess-profits tax deductions. Chrysler, with an exemption of $32,500,000, earned $44,802,279 last year. Since all earnings of $500,000 or more above the exemption are already subject to a 50% excess-profits tax after paying the maximum 24% regular corporation levy may be taxed still more heavily...
Implicit also in Knudsen's announcement was a hint that other industries may soon follow automobiles into the quota lists. Already OPM has its eye on refrigerator trays (aluminum), other consumer goods which use material that defense manufacturers are finding hard to get. In 1918 the War Industries Board ordered a 50% cut in production of sewing machines, oil stoves, electric heating appliances; a 30% cut in watches and cases; a 25% cut in metal stamps and stencils, metal tags, rubber stamps. Since 1918, U.S. industry has expanded, but so have the rules of warfare...
...wanderlust overcame him in 1932 and he traveled in Europe, Asia, Africa. He never went back to Germany. When the Nazis took over, Koppell settled in Palestine, became business manager of the Palestine Post for one and a half years. In 1936 he got into the U.S. on the quota, took out citizenship papers at once. Then he traveled for two years to get to know his new homeland at firsthand...
Says he: "A crooner gets his quota of sentimentality with half his natural voice. That's a great saving. I don't like to work...