Word: radars
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...first step in dealing with enemy radar is to locate it and determine its wavelength or frequency. This reconnaissance is done by "ferret" planes, specially equipped with electronic "search receivers," which pick up and locate operating enemy radar like stations on a home radio...
These detectors have a great advantage in range over Radar itself, which is limited to the distance at which it can get back a detectable echo of its initial signal. Thus American use of search receivers often deprived the enemy of the use of their own radar, particularly in submarines, because they shut it off to avoid detection...
Once the enemy radar installation has been located and identified, it must be jammed to make it unusable. Two primary methods were developed in action and perfected at the R.R.L.: electronic jamming, and aluminum foil, called "Window...
Electronic jammers are high-frequency radio transmitters which bombard a radar installation with radio waves of the radar's own frequency, thereby obscuring the detectable echo on the radar viewing scope. Allied bombers and ships were armed with these electronic jammers, labeled as "Carpet", for use in foiling detection. For defensive purposes, particularly against enemy air-borne radar, very powerful long-distance, ground-based jammers, called "Tuba", were used...
...other major jamming method, "Window", involves the seemingly simple procedure of dropping huge quantities of light aluminum foil from planes on bombing missions. It was discovered the small strips of aluminum, which is an excellent radio reflector, would, if cut to one half a radar's wavelength, send back a disproportionately strong echo...