Word: radars
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...NROTC, PRE-RADAR, and SUPPLY...
...OSRD is an enormous enterprise, spending about $135,000,000 a year. To date it has contracted for more than 2,000 investigations, completed 564, produced well over 200 new devices. The only official clue to what OSRD is doing is in the titles of its 18 divisions: e.g., radar, subsurface warfare, radio, explosives, new missiles, "special projectiles" (perhaps rockets), fire control. Of these, far & away the biggest is radar ($30,000,000). Second: subsurface warfare...
...Soldier's Eyes. In radar, OSRD has carried on somewhat like the airplane designers who picked up where the Wright brothers left off. Credit for discovery of the 20-year-old radar principle is in dispute between two U.S. Navy researchers, A. Hoyt Taylor and Leo C. Young, and a Scottish physicist, Sir Robert A. Watson-Watt. The British were the first to use radar (which they call the radio locator) in the Battle of Britain. But OSRD has converted the first crude radar into something of almost human intelligence and with superhuman powers...
...bouncing radio waves off it and catching their echo on a receiver. The first hint of radio's possible usefulness as a ground-level detector came when experimenters noticed that a ship moving between a transmitter and receiver interfered with radio waves. The basic radar instrument had three main elements: 1) a short-wave sender-receiver which could bounce back a beam, through clouds, smoke or rain, from a small object (e.g., a plane or ship) as much as 130 mi. away, 2) a vane to determine the object's direction, 3) sensitive electronic tubes to measure...
These basic radar principles are by now well known to all the belligerents. But OSRD's newer instruments have greatly increased radar's usefulness. One new ap plication which has already been revealed is the use of radar with antiaircraft guns to direct fire...