Word: radars
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...generally proceeding according to plan, analysis of its telemetry indicated that it had bounced three times (the first time 35 ft.) after its initial impact on the moon-lifted by its vernier rockets, which had failed to shut down. The unexpectedly rough landing occurred, scientists believed, when the approach radar that controls the rockets became confused by the difference in elevation between the crater bottom and its rim. But the rugged spacecraft quickly proved that it had not been unduly shaken up. Shortly after it landed, it looked down and coolly photographed a nearby "footprint" made on the last bounce...
They convey television signals through the skies and carry the voices of orbiting astronauts back to control stations on earth. They link long-distance telephone systems and bounce off high-flying aircraft, locating them for radar observers. The high-frequency radio waves-or microwaves-that perform these familiar services are now becoming even more versatile...
...have long been sought. Microwaves, which generate a current when they strike an electrical conductor like copper, may provide an answer. Instead of being fed into power lines, electricity produced at a power station could be used to generate microwaves that would be beamed at a moun tain-top radar station or observatory where they would be converted back into electrical energy...
Back to the Shrimp Boats. Even while it evaluates these and other advanced air-traffic devices, the FAA has begun to install advanced radar traffic-control systems. Computerized alphanumeric systems are already in operation in air-traffic control centers in Atlanta, Jacksonville and New York, electronically printing the flight number, course and altitude next to the appropriate airliner blip on the radarscope. Eventually, FAA hopes to blanket U.S. airspace with alphanumeric coverage, providing a three-dimensional radar picture of all air traffic equipped with the necessary transponders...
...more effective ways to control aircraft flying under visual flight rules. In the meantime, the bulk of the burden must be borne by the 14,000 controllers in towers and control centers. By intensive training and concentration, these highly trained men have learned to control as many as 21 radar blips?each representing an airplane?at a time. They have learned to steel themselves against confusion and panic, no matter how extreme the emergency. They have developed an intense but quiet pride in their talents, their responsibility and their record...