Word: radars
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...next two probes failed, but Nos. 13 and 14 sent back color photos plus a wealth of information on atmospheric, surface and subsurface chemistry. Then in 1983 came a pair of missions that stunned Western space scientists. Venera 15 and 16, in Venus' orbit, transmitted high-resolution radar maps of the planet's surface. The maps, says former NASA Administrator Beggs, "indicated a level of radar technology that we had not given the Soviets credit for." Says Masursky: "They did first-class work...
...officials, who requested anonymity, said the vessel Iran Ajr had been tracked by radar and by air for several days as it steamed through the central gulf toward Bahrain "because it had been seen loading suspect devices" before leaving an Iranian port...
Battista also found Krasnoyarsk ineffective as an ABM site: it is poorly constructed and not hardened against shock waves or electromagnetic pulse effects. "If this radar were turned on today," he said, "it would be an early-warning radar -- not a very good one." Yet it cannot be switched on soon, the U.S. visitors concluded, because the facility lacks essential electronic equipment. They predicted it will take two years to complete...
...Administration rejected the legislators' contention that the station violates only the "letter of the treaty -- not its purpose." Frank Gaffney, acting Assistant Secretary of Defense, insisted that the radar is a "significant military project which fundamentally undercuts the ABM treaty." If the Soviets want to convey a new openness on verification, said Gaffney, the proper signal would be the "total dismantling of the illegal installation...
Although U.S. officials could only speculate on why the Soviets put Krasnoyarsk on display, Downey noted that a "precedent has now been set about verification that cannot be undone." Still, the field trip did not answer the real question posed by the radar: Do the Soviets intend to abide by arms- control treaties...