Word: radio
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Great Britain, "at two hours after zero," planned to run for cover with its entire domestic radio system, using "wired wireless" over telephone and electric power lines. This system would be proof against any sort of interference except a direct hit on a central transmitter. For that sort of emergency, BBC has already set up stand-by transmitting apparatus in secluded spots away from England's easily bomb-sighted industrial centres. BBC's war emergency plans also included shutting down its television transmitters, releasing the ultra-high frequencies for special military services...
Germany has 12,580,000 radio sets licensed at $9.87 a year. In the last year almost 3,000,000 new radios were sold, but fewer than 1,000,000 were the Reich-backed People's Radios, geared to local reception. Of the rest, despite Nazi frowning on broadcasts from abroad, 1,500,000 were all-wave sets designed to receive foreign short-wave broadcasting, bringing the number of all-wave receivers in Germany...
France plans no wired wireless, no commandeering of radio apparatus. France's highly "atomized" radio system, a freestyle, non-network jumble of 27 Government and private stations, by its nature is proof against such hurts as the bombing of a central transmitter. Some standby Government transmitters have been built in remote country locations, and equipped with Diesel power units for use in case of bombed local power lines. One function of these new transmitters may be to outshout Germany's mighty, new 500-kilowatt station, pulled out of the Nazi hat two months ago by Joseph Goebbels...
...luckily remote from the main radio battlefield. In 1920, Lenin foresaw "the newspaper without paper and without distance." Now Tass, official Soviet news agency, radios its news daily to 3,254 newspapers. Some two-thirds of all Russia's long-distance telegraphic communication is relayed by radio. Russia's 75 stations (mightiest, 500-kilowatt Radio Moscow) speak 62 languages in reaching the 170,000,000 inhabitants. Listening is largely in groups, in workers' clubs, factories, etc., over receivers which tune in the Government programs, nothing else. Russia is too far away from the rest of the crowded...
Poland for months has been lambasted daily by radio from Germany, but the broadcasts reach comparatively few Polish ears. Despite a money-making radio monopoly, Polskie Radio, in which the Government has a 40% share, Poland is not a radio-minded country. Of the estimated 1,000,000-odd-listeners to the eight-station network headed by Warsaw's SPI, perhaps one-fourth still get what they can on ancient crystal sets. Last week Polskie Radio talked bravely on, reported border incidents and the repulsing of Nazi sorties by air, played stirring martial airs between bulletins...