Word: raeder
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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After four years of Soviet captivity, shabby, 61-year-old Erika Raeder, wife of Nazi Grand Admiral Erich Raeder (now serving a life term for war crimes), turned up in Berlin and unburdened herself to newsmen. The enigmatic Russians had fed her caviar in Moscow, starved her in Minsk, kept her peeling potatoes in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. Then, just as unaccountably, they...
When the war began, Grand Admiral Erich Raeder* wrote: "As far as the Navy is concerned, obviously it is in no way adequately equipped for the great struggle with Great Britain . . . it has built up a well-trained, suitably organized submarine arm, of which at the moment about 26 boats are capable of operations in the Atlantic; the submarine arm is still much too weak, however, to have any decisive effect on the war. The surface forces, moreover, are so inferior in number and strength that they can do no more than show that they know how to die gallantly...
Hitler at Sea. Through the battle of the Atlantic, the invasion of Norway, the preparations for the invasion of Britain, this mood persisted. Hitler told Raeder: "On land I am a hero, but at sea I am a coward." He consequently gave the admirals a freedom of action that the generals never had. Author Martienssen (a South African, who is assistant foreign editor of the Economist) believes that Raeder made the most of it, used his small forces effectively, and was individually superior to the run of German officers...
...nearly 250 U-boats were available; in the single month of June 1942, the Germans sank 145 ships. But in the months to come, the tide turned, as anti-submarine measures became effective. In the last four months of the war, with Doenitz running the navy (after Raeder's resignation in 1943), the Germans lost 120 U-boats while sinking 49 ships...
Grand Admiral Erich Raeder, builder of the German Navy; life...