Word: railways
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...long history of railroading in the U.S. has seen only one even partly successful attempt to gather all railroad workers into a single industrial union. That was the American Railway Union, founded in 1893 by fiery Socialist Eugene Debs. The A.R.U. rapidly became the biggest union in railroading, with 150,000 members. It was a boisterous, confident organization, and at meetings members liked to sing a rousing fight song that began...
...judge refused a permanent injunction against the rules changes, but the union carried its case to the Federal Court of Appeals and then on to the Supreme Court. Last March the court handed down a unanimous opinion rejecting the union claim that new work rules would violate the Railway Labor...
...unions defend the pay-rules system on the ground that it is good for the railroads. Says G. E. Leighty, chairman of the Railway Labor Executives Association and a member of the presidential panel that reported this week: "The truth is that the railroads, since they pay their train-service employees no Sunday or holiday pay, night differentials, away-from-home expenses or other premium payments . . . actually save under present work rules among their operating workers...
Painful Alternatives. President Kennedy has no direct power to halt a railroad strike. He has exhausted all the procedures of delay provided by the Railway Labor Act. The Taft-Hartley Act, with its provision for an 80-day injunction against a strike, does not apply to the railroads. The President cannot ask the companies to delay once again the effective date of the work-rules revisions, because last time he promised the railroad representatives that he would not in any event ask for any more delays...
...Order of Railway Conductors and Brakemen (20,000). Named the Conductors' Brotherhood at its founding in 1868, the union added Brakemen to its handle only a decade ago. The current president is Louis J. Wagner, 66, who got started in railroading in his teens as a station agent's helper. In addition to taking tickets, conductors act as straw bosses while the train is on the road. They are supposed to see that other crewmen are on the job, and that the train moves smoothly enough to avoid discomfort to passengers or damage to freight. Brakemen used...