Word: raj
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Residue. History, sloppy as usual, had decreed a fade-out rather than a blackout of the British Raj. No longer Viceroy, Mountbatten would become Governor General of Hindu India and chairman of the commission to split the nation's assets between Moslem Pakistan and Hindu India. Sir Patrick Spens, * India's Chief Justice, had been assigned the unenviable job of arbitrating all constitutional issues between the two stormy new nations. For a while, Field Marshal Sir Claude Auchinleck would be Supreme Commander of both Pakistan and Indian armies...
Typewriters & Inkpots. Meanwhile, Moslems and Hindus were wrangling over their shares of the inheritance from the British Raj. Fifty committees set up to divide the Government's assets proceeded along 50 different lines. The Moslem League wanted one-fourth of India's assets, but was not willing to pay one-fourth of the $6 billion national debt. Railway rolling stock will probably remain on that side of the border where it stands on independence day. (The Moslem League accused the Hindu-controlled Government of switching brand-new American locomotives from Pakistan areas to Delhi, substituting old, burnt...
British repressive measures after World War I convinced Gandhi that the British would never willingly give India dominion status. So he organized satyagraha. This first campaign came near to unseating the British Raj. "Gandhi's was the most colossal experiment in world history, and it came within an inch of succeeding," admitted the British governor of Bombay...
With each fast, each boycott, and each imprisonment (by a British Raj which feared to leave him free, feared even more that he would die on their hands and enrage all India), Gandhi came closer to his goal of a free India. With the same weapons he got in some blows at his favorite social evils-untouchability, liquor, landlord extortions, child marriages, the low status of women...
...independence was certain to be followed by a struggle for economic power. For all these bewildering problems Gandhi had an answer: hurt no living thing; live simply, peacefully, purely. But fewer & fewer listened to that part of his advice. Just as Gandhi had outgrown the shell of the British Raj, so Indian nationalism, Hindu and Moslem, showed signs of outgrowing Gandhi's teachings...