Word: rakosi
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Skillfully, the Russians masked their intentions. At the Turkish embassy in Moscow early last week, in an atmosphere of champagne and caviar, burly Foreign Minister Dmitry Shepilov began talking sympathetically about the "bureaucratic errors" of the late Rakosi-Gero regimes in Hungary. All the rebels had to do to obtain the withdrawal of Soviet troops, said Shepilov, was lay down their arms. Taxed with continuing to pour troops into Hungary, Marshal Georgy Zhukov roared denial. Said he, with a grand gesture: "There are already enough troops in Hungary to suppress a rebellion and maintain order...
...revolution uncovered terrible evidence of AVH cruelty. On a wooded hill in Buda, in a bright new housing development reserved exclusively for ex-Premier Rakosi and his comrades, rebels found a villa with a built-in torture chamber and prison cells, one padded and soundproofed, another equipped with a powerful lamp beamed on a chair. The rebels remembered having seen closed automobiles driving up to this house at night. At Gyor, in the provinces, Western newsmen were shown an AVH headquarters with tiny 2 ft.-wide standup torture cells, and a secret crematory for victims who did not survive...
...Purge: tough, ruthless Kadar fell into Rakosi's dragnet during the anti-Tito campaign, resisted intense torture, including the fingernail treatment, applied by Police Chiefs Gabor Peter and Vladimir Farkas (both now in jail). Secretly tried, he was moved from prison to prison because of his reputation as an escape artist. Released during the post-Stalin "liberalization" period, he got a minor job in one of Budapest's 22 party districts...
...muscular man with rough proletarian manners, rated no speechmaker, brusque, brown-eyed Kadar vowed he would get Rakosi, who worried about Kadar's growing popularity in the Communist youth organizations. By picking Kadar to succeed Gero as party boss last week, the Russians reckoned to appease Hungarian national feeling, but still keep a hard-core Communist in the key party position...
...Risk. These were the prepared positions to which the Kremlin could move if and when necessary. Events in Hungary had suggested a slight retreat; out went Stalinist Rakosi and in came Gero, also a Stalinist but less notoriously so. In Poland, the Poznan defense lawyers were allowed unheard-of freedom. Khrushchev boasted recently in Moscow (to Italy's junketing No. 2 Red, Luigi Longo) that his rein-loosening program was popularizing and perpetuating Soviet Communism in the satellites. In theory, it may have been a sound risk...