Word: rarely
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...most obvious to those who remember row upon row of iron lungs occupied by victims of polio epidemics and the quarantine signs posted on the homes of people stricken by diphtheria, whooping cough, smallpox and measles. Of these scourges, smallpox has been wiped out and the others have become rare and largely preventable through the use of vaccines. Says Duke University pediatrics professor Samuel Katz, a leading authority on vaccines: "Immunization is the single intervention that has most dramatically reduced childhood morbidity and mortality...
...Innocence Project is operating in a shrinking field. The vast majority of its docket consists of old cases, prosecuted when DNA testing was still rare. Now that law enforcement is integrating DNA into its investigative procedures (see box), there should be fewer people convicted despite exonerating biological evidence. But the broader problem addressed by the project--that innocent people are going to jail--shows no sign of ending. Why is the criminal-justice system making so many mistakes...
...Whether you're a teenager or a 60-year-old executive, there appears to be a need for body rituals that aren't provided for in our society," says Musafar. Yet Armando Favazza, a University of Missouri psychiatry professor and author of Bodies Under Siege, thinks it's rare when people find deep meanings in branding: "It's a faddish sort of thing, meant to shock or provide a sexual turn-on." In a few cases it may be therapeutic: Favazza says abused children may later undergo alterations "to reclaim control over their bodies" and forge "a mark of distinction...
...impaired. When she cracked her spine on the job 12 years ago, Lasley hired two extra workers and managed them from bed. After she recovered, she kept the replacements on and found enough new work to keep everybody busy. In 1995 Lasley took another big step--one that is rare in the world of small construction businesses--to secure the welfare of her employees (there are now 23). She signed them up for a group retirement plan. "I knew talented carpenters who were working into their 60s and 70s not because they wanted to but because they had to," Lasley...
...group. Temps make up only between 1% and 2% of the total employed, Lyons argues in a recent study, and most of them do not temp for long; 75% of those who work temporarily do so for no more than a year. Lyons reveals, too, that long assignments are rare: only 12% of temps work on one assignment for more than two years, a situation that has not changed much in the past 15 years. That said, temps who work on long-term assignments tend to appreciate the flexibility their jobs offer and to be more satisfied than those...