Word: rater
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...start-up, a brick-and-mortar retailer who fears getting "Amazon-ed" or a company content for now to dip a toe into the scary world of e-commerce, they're all interested in the future of your wallet. Says Dan Burke, senior analyst at Gomez Advisors, a rater of e-commerce sites: "We're just getting to the really interesting part, where we see who's doing it right and who's doing it wrong...
That may soon change. America's most relentless examiner, the Educational Testing Service, has developed computer software, known as E-Rater, to evaluate essays on the Graduate Management Admission Test. Administered to 200,000 business school applicants each year, the GMAT includes two 30-min. essays that test takers type straight into a computer. In the past, those essays were graded on a six-point scale by two readers. This month, the computer will replace one of the readers--with the proviso that a second reader will be consulted if the computer and human-reader scores differ by more than...
...thing for a machine to determine whether a bubble has been correctly filled in, but can it read outside the lines, so to speak? Well, yes and no. E-Rater "learns" what constitutes good and bad answers from a sample of pregraded essays. Using that information, it breaks the essay down to its syntax, organization and content. The software checks basics like subject-verb agreement as well as recognizes words, phrases and sentence structures that are likely to be found in high-scoring essays. For example, an essay on Clinton's impeachment trial that includes terms like DNA and rule...
...course, the machine cannot "get," say, a clever turn of phrase or an unusual analogy."If I'm unique, I might not fall under the scoring rubric," concedes Frederic McHale, a vice president at the Graduate Management Admission Council, which owns the GMAT. On the other hand, E-Rater is mercilessly objective and never tires halfway through a stack of essays. The upshot: in pretrial tests, E-Rater and a human reader were just as likely to agree as were two readers. "It's not intended to judge a person's creativity," says Darrell Laham, co-developer of the Intelligent...