Word: raters
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That may soon change. America's most relentless examiner, the Educational Testing Service, has developed computer software, known as E-Rater, to evaluate essays on the Graduate Management Admission Test. Administered to 200,000 business school applicants each year, the GMAT includes two 30-min. essays that test takers type straight into a computer. In the past, those essays were graded on a six-point scale by two readers. This month, the computer will replace one of the readers--with the proviso that a second reader will be consulted if the computer and human-reader scores differ by more than...
...thing for a machine to determine whether a bubble has been correctly filled in, but can it read outside the lines, so to speak? Well, yes and no. E-Rater "learns" what constitutes good and bad answers from a sample of pregraded essays. Using that information, it breaks the essay down to its syntax, organization and content. The software checks basics like subject-verb agreement as well as recognizes words, phrases and sentence structures that are likely to be found in high-scoring essays. For example, an essay on Clinton's impeachment trial that includes terms like DNA and rule...
...course, the machine cannot "get," say, a clever turn of phrase or an unusual analogy."If I'm unique, I might not fall under the scoring rubric," concedes Frederic McHale, a vice president at the Graduate Management Admission Council, which owns the GMAT. On the other hand, E-Rater is mercilessly objective and never tires halfway through a stack of essays. The upshot: in pretrial tests, E-Rater and a human reader were just as likely to agree as were two readers. "It's not intended to judge a person's creativity," says Darrell Laham, co-developer of the Intelligent...
...scopic knee surgery last November, the fact that Spend A Buck began his twelve-race career (eight wins) at Florida's Calder Race Course was a delight of its own. Henceforth, at least for a while, "a Calder horse" will no longer serve as racing shorthand for a second-rater. Both the owner and trainer are recent arrivals in the sport, both of Tampa, Fla. Dennis Diaz, who retired from the real estate and insurance businesses four years ago at 38, discovered "there's only so much fishing a man can do." With $12,500, which this industry calls...
...feel that Blacks student activities help to raise the consciousness of our fellow students to the economic and social inequalities stiff extant for Black people Further, these activities, rater than being parochial instill in us a sense of Black pride and create in all people a healthy respect for differences and individuality. Anthony A. Ball '86 Vice-President Black Students Association Kenneth Johnson '87 BSA Afro-American Cultural Center Liasion Darryl Parsons '87 BSA General Organizational Liasion Brian Stevens '88 BSA Third World Student Alliance Representative Timothy A. Wilkins '86 President Black Students Association