Word: reactionism
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...GRATEFUL I AM. An hour and a half later, he was at London Airport, shaking hands with Britain's Prime Minister Harold Macmillan. In an off-the-cuff arrival speech that brought murmurs of appreciation from the crowd, the President said: "I must say my deepest reaction and sentiment at this moment is that of extraordinary pleasure and true enjoyment for being back once again in this land which I have learned so much to love." And as he rode into town with Macmillan, the President saw about him a London that would not change-jodhpur-clad girls riding...
Water for Fuel. The first step toward creating a controlled fusion reaction is to heat up deuterium gas until the nucleus (one proton and one neutron) of each atom is separated from the electron that ordinarily orbits around it (deuterium is the hydrogen isotope in heavy water, D2O). If the particles are made hot enough, the deuterium nuclei will collide with ample force to "fuse" together, forming helium 3 and giving off a neutron. When that happens, part of their mass is converted into energy-the energy of the hydrogen bomb, the stars...
...temperature required for a sustained reaction is, at a minimum, 50 million degrees. No conventional container could withstand such a temperature, so physicists surround the "plasma" of deuterium with a magnetic field whose lines of force are powerful enough to hold it. Then an enormous bolt of electricity is shot into the system to make the plasma particles move rapidly, thereby supplying the necessary heat...
...coil, heating the gas up to around 20 million degrees. Dr. Kolb reported that his machine had confined plasma and kept it stable at this temperature for twelve microseconds. During this period, bursts of neutrons poured out of the device. "This agrees with theoretical calculations for a fusion reaction," said Kolb cautiously...
Neither Kolb nor anyone else is claiming that a fusion reaction was definitely achieved. The British, who thought they had achieved it with their Zeta a year ago, later admitted that the neutrons produced came not from fusion but from unintended collisions of high-energy particles. Furthermore, it would take far higher temperatures before the deuterium fusion would produce more energy than it absorbed. Explained NRL Research Director Robert M. Page: "We have to go farther to get a true fusion reaction and farther still to prove it." Sustaining a fusion reaction, he explained, is like lighting a piece...