Word: rearmaments
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Irritation Removed. On his swing back through Tokyo, Dulles prodded the Japanese to get them to step up their rearmament for defense. But he also made a striking political concession to Japan, at a time when this sensitive country, whose big industry holds Asia's balance of power, is worried about its economic future and is being sedulously wooed by Russia and Communist China. The return of the Amami Oshima archipelago to Japanese rule, after eight years of U.S. occupation, removes a major source of Japanese irritation with the U.S., and puts some uncomfortable pressure on the Russians...
WEST GERMANYs Parliament, goaded by Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, is the only European legislature that has passed EDC through both houses. But is German rearmament constitutional? The German Federal Court will not decide until after the German elections on Sept. 6, and if it obeys Mister Dooley's law, the judges will follow the election returns. Adenauer's Socialist opponents are pledged to ditch EDC in favor of "German unity"-although they have not explained how they will achieve unity...
This mixture of distant idealism and a more practical military expedience has won EDC the kind of high-minded support that simple, naked German rearmament could not hope for. "Some seem to think that EDC has no purpose except to meet the threat from the Soviet Union," said John Foster Dulles recently. "That is not the true case at all." European unity, said Dulles, is "necessary in itself...
Twin Pillars. EDC is designed to dovetail the armies of Western Europe so that none can be easily withdrawn for aggressive adventures of its own. This is a more complicated ambition than simple rearmament; the result is a complicated blueprint. At the top, EDC will have 1) a Council of Ministers, 2) an 87-man Assembly, 3) a nine-man Commissariat, serving as a six-nation general staff. Together, EDC and the Schuman Coal-Steel Plan will form the military and economic pillars of a still more visionary federation: the U.S. of Europe...
...First is Russia, which can be expected to pay a high diplomatic price to prevent German rearmament on the side of the West. In France, the Russians peddle the line that German arms are no longer necessary because the danger of Soviet attack is "remote and receding." In Germany, its agents hint that the Red army might be withdrawn from the rebellious East Zone in return for a German pledge of "neutrality...