Word: rebel
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...some respects the Battle for Cata lonia was the greatest military engagement since the World War. Although the number of soldiers was far less than that on the Western front in 1914-18, the Rebel concentration of artillery was as great as that used by the Germans at Verdun- about one cannon to every ten yards. In the northern sector of the offensive, near Balaguer. Generalissimo Franco's troops pounded the enemy with a fierce artillery barrage, then bombarded the Loyalists from the air, then attacked with from 100 to 150 tanks. Finally his infantry moved...
...soldiers in the field. Commanded by their best military brains-Generals Juan Sarrabia and Enrique Lister, Colonel Juan Modesto-the Loyalists employed the only possible methods of fighting under such conditions -i.e., slow retreat, then localized counterattacks. They hoped for a spell of bad weather to cripple the Rebel offensive...
...Rebel offensive near Tremp, 40 miles south of the French border, was carried out by Aragonese troops commanded by General José Moscardó. The most unusual feature of the offensive, however, was that for the first time since the rout of Italian troops at Guadalajara in March 1937. unmixed divisions of Italian "legionnaires" were again in the front lines, south of Lérida...
...from Rebel Spain did any hint of Italian participation come, but from Italy itself. The Fascist press attacked France for still supporting the Loyalists, but saw no inconsistency in boasting (Loyalist communiques substantiated the boast) that four Italian divisions (about 40,000 men) were heroically conquering Catalonia. These divisions included famed Black Shirt detachments. Italian correspondents wrote from Spain that among the Italian soldiers were veterans of the offensives of Málaga, Bilbao, Santander, Aragon...
...Three months ago a token withdrawal of 10,000 Italian troops from Spain took place. On that showing Mr. Chamberlain implemented an Anglo-Italian treaty. Although Dictator Mussolini was expected to demand of the Prime Minister at Rome next week (see p. 21) that Britain grant belligerent rights to Rebel Spain, from London last week came hints that Mr. Chamberlain, for his part, would plead with Il Duce at least to stop boasting about Italy's part in the Spanish Civil...