Word: receptor
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...three new genes, known as clusterin, complement receptor 1 (CR1) and PICALM, were uncovered by two separate research groups, one in Wales and one in France, who linked the genes to the most common form of the memory disorder, late-onset Alzheimer's - the type that affects patients in their 60s or later and accounts for about 90% of all Alzheimer's cases. The only other gene connected with the condition, apolipoprotein E (ApoE), was identified in 1993; since, researchers have tirelessly hunted for other key genes, knowing that 60% to 80% of the progressive, incurable disease is genetically based...
...back to the lab, and as soon as we saw a sequence of the hemagglutinin, we looked at the receptor binding site and found indications of an alpha-2,6 binding specificity," Daniels, 54, recalls. "I knew then - we have a problem." (See pictures of thermal scanners hunting for swine...
...drug-related pleasures and hypersensitive to cues associated with them, such as seeing an old drinking pal. Hanging out with that friend would prompt a rise in dopamine levels in the brain's reward system. Researchers think that's where baclofen cuts in: by binding to the GABA-B receptor in the brain, it modulates this system and prevents the release of dopamine in response to cues. That appears to short-circuit cravings...
...conclusion I came to looking at all of this is that it's okay to believe and it's okay not to believe. The science is pretty agnostic about the issue. You can look, for instance, at evidence researchers at Johns Hopkins University have found about serotonin receptors sparking mystical experiences and say that it's all brain chemistry. Or you can look at that and say that it's amazing that we are so intricately wired that we have a serotonin receptor that allows us to connect with the divine. It really is a matter of belief...
...Researchers in Sawyers' lab began with a chemical that showed promise in attaching to the androgen receptor on cancer cells. Then the scientists, like composers writing variations on a theme, synthesized nearly 200 versions of the drug and screened each one on prostate-cancer cells that had been engineered to be drug-resistant. In the end, two molecules - RD162 and MDV3100 - fit the experimental criteria, binding to the receptor site without stimulating cancer-cell growth. Both chemical compounds were then tested in mice. "They caused the tumors to shrink significantly," says Sawyers...