Word: receptors
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Since 1984, investigators have known that HIV assaults the cells of the immune system by latching on to a protein "receptor," named CD4, found on the cells' surface. When an invader attacks the body, the CD4 molecule normally helps mobilize the immune system's defenses. In this case, though, HIV fools the CD4 receptor into allowing viral particles into the cell. Hovanessian reported last week that his team had found a second receptor, called CD26, that helps the virus enter the cell after it has attached itself to CD4. If Hovanessian is correct, scientists might be able to devise drug...
...strength of an interface can determine the degree to which a protein binds to its receptor or the strength of a bond between a solid and an adhesive. Studying the exact makeup of interfaces. Whitesides said, is a valuable tool in both materials science and engineering...
...sterile plastic bubble that protected him from the outside world. Now, nearly 10 years after David's death, doctors have isolated the faulty gene responsible for his rare condition. In an article in Cell, researchers report that the mutation causes immune cells to produce defective copies of a receptor for interleukin-2, one of the most important molecular regulators of the body's defense system. Eventually scientists hope to transplant normal copies of the gene into the blood cells of affected children, thereby curing them. The research might also lead to new strategies for restoring the damaged immune system...
...that a target is identified," Arnaout said, drug companies can begin to develop "safe and effective therapeutics" to combat inflammations. Such drugs could prevent neutrophils from being "turned on" and inflaming an injury by blocking receptor sites, he said...
Damaged or oxygen deficient tissue in persons suffering from traumatic injuries or receiving organ transplants release chemicals that "activate" the neutrophils by binding to their receptor sites...