Word: reform
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...description for the Shah's regime. The present Shah is the son of an upstart colonel, who founded the present dynasty in the first decades of this century and who abdicated in 1941 because he was found to have collaborated with the Nazis. Following his abdication, a constitutionally-elected, reform-minded government came into power--until 1953, when the CIA sponsored the coup that put the present Shah in power. Baraheni does not go into the reasons for the CIA's support for the monarchy, but one sentence gives it away: the democratically-elected government had nationalized Iran's rich...
Every so often, like an air bubble from a sunken ship, a new bit of law reform arises out of the hulk of the Nixon Administration. A U.S. House judiciary subcommittee is currently taking expert testimony on the venerable and awesome grand jury system, which Nixon's Justice Department had used to intimidate its New Left opponents, and many legal authorities are calling for change. Another alteration in the 800-year evolution of the grand jury, which once served to protect the innocent from over-zealous prosecutors, appears imminent...
Attorney General Griffin Bell is opposed to the section permitting a witness to bring a lawyer, arguing that this "would mean two trials instead of one," but he is on record as favoring grand jury reform in principle. So are the American Bar Association and American Law Institute. Indeed, some trial lawyers have called for the abolition of grand juries as outmoded and superfluous. That would involve repealing the Fifth Amendment's guarantee of a grand jury's consideration before indictment, however, and no one has dared to tamper with the Bill of Rights in nearly 200 years...
During his campaign, Jimmy Carter repeatedly condemned the U.S. tax system as "a disgrace to the human race." Indeed, the system was such a mess, Carter said, that he would need a full year in the White House to study how to reform it. Yet by last week, after barely five months in office, the Carter Administration had put together a smoothly functioning team that expects to have a comprehensive tax reform ready by the end of summer...
...then a stockholder pays tax on the portion of the remaining profit that he receives in dividends. The simplest way of ending this process would be to exempt from corporate taxes the portion of a company's profits that are paid out in dividends. However, the tax-reform team also is studying various proposals for integrating corporate and individual taxes. A stockholder, like a member of a partnership, would include in his taxable income his proportionate share of the company's profits. Several formulas for dividing the tax on those profits between the shareholder and the company...