Word: reform
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...federal campaign-finance law. The measure puts strict limits on presidential campaign gifts and provides for public financing (through funds collected from taxpayers) of presidential campaigns. Though some experts fear the public-financing provision may be unconstitutional, the law's passage was hailed as a landmark in political reform, and the elections commission was due to begin its work...
Actual Cost. One rate-reform concept that is gaining favor is "peak load" pricing. The price of power for all customers, big and small, would reflect the actual cost of generation at any given time of day. Rates would be highest at peak-load times-they vary widely from region to region-when less efficient stand-by equipment must be used to meet demand. Rates would drop late at night and on weekends, when demand is low. Advocates are persuaded that this system would reduce the need of utility companies to spend on costly new capacity and would offer customers...
...Portuguese Socialist Party (P.S.P.) draws its support from the upper and middle classes, civil servants and students. It favors limited nationalization of basic industries, agrarian reform, and keeping Portugal in NATO. Party Leader Soares, 50, who spent six years in exile in Paris before the revolution, has emerged as one of the country's most respected politicians for his role in negotiating the decolonization of Portugal's African territories...
...regime, has benefited from the tight organization established when the party worked underground. Despite years in prison and exile, Party Chief Alvaro Cunhal, 60, Minister Without Portfolio in the provisional government, has become the best-known politician in the country. The Communist program is relatively moderate, calling for agrarian reform and nationalization of banks and insurance companies. Its heaviest support comes from workers and tenant farmers in the impoverished Alentejo region in the south...
...long range view, moreover, the situation for radicals in Economics has grown noticeably worse. In the fall of 1969--at the height of student demands for reform at the University and protest over the war in Vietnam--there were five radical economists on the faculty. In the years between 1970 and 1974 three of the four-junior faculty radicals here were refused tenure. With the departure of MacEwan at the end of this year, each one of the four will have left Harvard for other universities, at least three of them finding tenured positions elsewhere...