Word: reformations
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Thus far, most American prison reform has focused on the traumas of release. The pacesetting federal system, which includes a no-wall unit at Seagoville, Texas, has institutionalized the "halfway houses" pioneered by religious groups to shelter ex-convicts seeking jobs. Intensive prerelease training at federal centers has cut some graduates' repeater rate by 15%. Texas boasts a remarkable six-week course at a relaxed center near Houston, where civilian volunteers (bankers, auto salesmen, personnel experts) teach felons how to get loans, buy cars, apply for jobs-things many never knew. Result: a repeater rate of 13.9%, down from...
...solve the criminal's basic problem: his firm belief that society is wrong, not he. As critics see it, even the best prison is still a totalitarian society that spurs human resistance and reinforces the criminal's cynicism. In this view, the solution is getting criminals to reform themselves in the process of reforming other criminals. This approach has worked wonders in New Jersey with groups of 20 delinquent boys housed at Highfields, the old Lindbergh mansion. After working at daytime jobs, the boys spend evenings listening to a selected boy's woes-and then deflating...
...estimates that 50% of today's inmates do not belong in prison; removing them would sharply improve attention to the rest. And caging must go. It is scandalous that in the U.S. only about 2% of all prison inmates are now being exposed to any kind of reform-oriented innovation...
...their criticism of "churchianity," leaders of the underground deny that they are out to destroy the church as a central community of faith. What they really want to do is reform it drastically, divest it of rigid structure, authoritarianism, senseless dogma and suffocating ritual, which the dissidents feel bear little relation to true Christianity. What the rebels are seeking, says Boyd, is a church that "will be seen less and less as a building on a corner, to be visited to indulge in a period of 'magic'. Smaller Christian communities will replace larger ones; clergy will be employed...
...fear him for it. He wants power to establish order, to set up a world republic; the corrupt bosses want to split the spoils he has won so dearly. Question: Should he return to Rome and retire to polish his trophies, or should he move in as dictator to reform the state...