Word: reformative
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...city hall is a 40-ft. billboard showing the major landholdings of Oriente province. Under a sun that bears down like a torch, the guajiros, poor farmers from the hills, stand and stare up hungrily at the land they hope to own through Fidel Castro's agrarian reform. They bring contributions to the Agrarian Reform Institute, everything from pennies to axheads to old barbed wire. "I am in accord with Fidel." says Juan Mora, who owns 17 acres, a thatched hut, a cow and a pig. "I am going to register for more land." Chimes in Bootblack Ruiz Marino...
Death Penalty. As in any army-run country, there is fear. The big ranches of central, cattle-raising Camagüey province have been seized by the army, pending expropriation by the Agrarian Reform Institute. At a seized ranch, a guajiro showed up one morning last week and told the landowner that he was joining the soldiers as "administrator" of the land. "I'll be moving my family into the main house," he added...
...effect has been to increase the very problem-unemployment-that Castro promises to attack through land reform. As Puerto Rico, Brazil and other Latin American states have discovered, the fastest, surest way to provide mass high-income employment is industrialization; all of Fidel Castro's measures so far have scared off the capital that builds factories. Last week, deeply concerned that for the masses his revolution is coming to equal joblessness. Castro announced that during the next six months he will spend $135 million on public works to build roads, parks, bridges, schools and hospitals...
Last week France produced a startling reform: no more oral exams. Had Education Minister Andre Boulloche abolished schools he could not have provoked more happy whoops and shocked wails...
...Maurois: "It's a good thing to suppress the orals, which are fatal for the timid. An individual can express himself fully in writing, give a survey of his true value on an exam paper, but be incapable of developing his ideas aloud." Added Author Jean Dutourd: "The reform pleases me, for it seems to be a step toward the suppression-pure and simple-of this entire monstrous examination...