Word: reformative
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...have a soothing sound, but in Mao's thinking, only one side is open to persuasion, after which the persuaded must accept "unity." If the terror is over in Red China (as Western experts largely agree), it has been followed by a form of persuasion known as "reform through labor." Chou En-lai declared recently: "More than 80% of criminals detained have been given work in agriculture or industry," i.e., as slave labor...
...with 1949-50. Owen says that the committee would welcome such a review, but it seems that if such a study is to make sense, both the teaching of science and the place of languages should be carefully examined first. Excepting the unlikely eventualities of curricular or term-arrangement reform, these are the most pressing problemsfor Harvard education today...
...recorders installed at all African political meetings. But by last week the whites were beginning to realize that in order to protect their own inch, they might yet have to give Mboya a measure of his mile. A first meeting between black and white was held to discuss council reform, and at least one wise Kenya official admitted: "Some increase in African representation is justified and necessary." Says Mboya confidently: "Rule of this country by the majority is inevitable...
...After the theological battle between fundamentalism and liberalism, that answer was no longer sufficient -at least not to the liberals. The adherents of the social gospel were concerned with sin as a social fact, manifested in hunger, .disease, crime. The cure, in substantial part, was progress through social reform. With the momentous entrance in the '30s of Reinhold Niebuhr and neo-orthodoxy sin once again became real and personal for U.S. intellectuals-but in a new way. The moral or social emphasis was replaced by a psychological emphasis. Niebuhr saw the tension between man's fallen, finite nature...
...Istiqlal Leader Mehdi ben Barka insisted that the Istiqlal had been planning the coup for weeks as part of its policy of agrarian reform and "researching the origin of wealth acquired by traitors." Though the Sultan had temporarily managed to claim leadership of the move, the ominous fact was that the Istiqlal had not bothered to let the Sultan know its plans -indicating a split between the Istiqlal's zealous progressives and the Sultan's slower modernism...