Word: reformer
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...York Post, which had recently taken some potshots at him. But beyond that, nobody was quite certain whom he had in mind; he could have meant Stevenson, whose passive third-time availability galls him, or he could even have meant Eleanor Roosevelt, who is part of a New York reform group trying to upset Tammany Leader Carmine De Sapio...
...area called "Queen Mary." Five years ago a parliamentary select committee complained of the "bad ventilation" of these cubicles, and last week Minister of Works Lord John Hope solemnly noted that one recommendation this committee made was to have the doors of four of the cubicles removed. Though reform went through, most Members still prefer to do their dictating in an airier place-on a bench in the House of Commons lobby...
While Eliot, in his 40 years as president, had been primarily interested in unified administration for the whole University, Lowell was concerned with academic reform within the College. The College should be the foundation on which the rest of the University is built, he declared. If the College is "not to be absorbed by the secondary school on the one side and the professional school on the other, we must construct a new solidarity to replace that which is gone...
...content with that alone. Lowell immediately went on to further academic reform. Within a year the College had adopted his plan for concentration and distribution, which took first effect with the Class of 1914. Under President Eliot, any student who had successfully completed 16 courses was eligible for the degree. The free elective system imposed no limitations whatsoever upon the choice of courses or their relevance to each other, so that any student who could "cram and pass" 16 times in succession was graduated. Although Lowell had vigorously and consistently attacked the system while Eliot was still in office, nothing...
Lowell's regime brought reform to both the housing and the academic programs for undergraduates. But despite his preoccupation with College reform, Lowell never forgot the University's relationship to the "outside world." The same conviction which made him fight to restore an atmosphere of intellectual excitement within the College, made him fight to keep the University in close contact with the "outside." Above all, he believed that complacency could lead an institution only to decay. Lowell, who liked some controversy because it kept issues alive and people alert, wanted to make Harvard not an ingrown "ivory tower...