Word: reformers
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Parkes demonstrates that by 1914 the working class had almost universally developed a tradeunion, not a revolutionary, point of view; that the stronger the union movement became, the less revolutionary were its purposes; that the proletariat's size was reduced by machinery, its miseries by reform. Seeing all this, Lenin did not deduce that Marx had been wrong. Instead he formed the Communist Party to lead the working class, not to what it seemed to want but to what Marx had decided it ought to want. And to win the Russian Revolution, Lenin had to diverge from Marxism again...
...depression had given the U. S. the greatest sociological education in its history. Incorporated into its Government were basic social laws no one of which could have been calmly argued or dreamed of by the dejected empiricists of 1929. Incorporated into its thought was an acceptance of social reform, no matter how hotly disputed were particular reform measures. Accepted by its major parties were the basic evolutionary changes represented by social security laws, trade union legislation, relief, social welfare-although fundamental to U. S. Government were knock-down-and-drag-out fights over particulars...
...whatever cost, the U. S. had demonstrated its ability to adjust itself to social needs, had after ten years the value of the experience of social reform, had in addition an aggregation of measures, laws, decisions in principle agreed to. It had the NLRB that put into law the belief that strong trade unions were of social value ("This is the greatest work of my life," said Senator Wagner), and although the San Francisco Stock Exchange threatened to move to Reno if "ham-and-eggs" went through in California, innovations generally led to no such drastic action. At whatever cost...
Last spring Harvard's faculty hoped for reform in Dr. Conant's hiring & firing policies when he adopted a "Magna Charta" drafted by a faculty committee (TIME, June 5). But their hopes were quickly dashed, for at term's end the University fired ten popular assistant professors, including Ernest Simmons, President of Harvard's Teachers Union, and Critic Theodore Spencer. (Professor Spencer thereupon landed a lifetime appointment at Cambridge University, was hired back by Harvard as visiting lecturer for a year...
...platform for election to the Cambridge School Committee, Carr has pledged himself to do everything possible for school reform...