Word: reformers
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...emergency conference. Their troika partner, Aleksei Kosygin, cut short a state visit to Sweden to join them there for talks with party leaders from Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria and East Germany. The Communist summit, the third of its kind in four months, was the Soviet response to the onrush of reform in Czechoslovakia, and its convening was the climax of a week of ominous moves against the Czechoslovaks. It was also proof of an increasingly apparent fact: however tolerant it may seem to be in its relations with other Communist states-and in spite of considerable liberalization at home-Russia still...
...Elite Sign. The Kremlin's pressure on Czechoslovakia ranged from attacks on the most liberal proponents of reform to an ill-concealed attempt to intimidate the government by delaying the departure of Soviet troops, which had been conducting maneuvers on Czechoslovak soil. The most ominous Russian warning came from the official Communist Party newspaper Pravda, which for the first time compared the Czechoslovak situation to the Hungarian uprising of 1956. It spoke of Czechoslovakia's "counterrevolutionary activity"-the worst swear word in the Communist lexicon-and charged that the progressives in Prague were "more treacherous and sinister" than...
...home, the Kremlin is having its own persistent problems with Russia's dissident intellectuals, who continue to badger the regime to relax its tight control on free expression. Last week the latest and most daring demand for reform came from a prominent Soviet nuclear scientist, whose 10,000-word essay -entitled "Thoughts About Progress, Peaceful Coexistence and Intellectual Freedom"-is being clandestinely circulated among a small circle of Russian writers, scientists and artists. In it, Andrei Sakharov, 47, demands nothing less in Communist Russia than an entirely free society enjoying complete intellectual liberty...
...onetime banker, Pompidou made no secret of the fact that he felt it would be dangerous to undertake any industrial reform in the wake of France's month-long economic paralysis. French businessmen and unionists counted on him to talk some reason into De Gaulle. At present, France is losing funds at such a drastic rate-$300 million to $400 million a week-that its net reserves of some $5 billion in gold and currency will be imperiled within a few months unless the huge outflow of francs is somehow checked...
...time the campaign started, De Gaulle was already thinking about post-election strategy. If the election produced only a small Gaullist majority, De Gaulle planned to keep on Pompidou for several months at least in order to use his expert parliamentary guidance for shepherding De Gaulle's reform bills through the National Assembly. Unwittingly, Pompidou hastened his own exit by engineering an election landslide. After the first round of voting indicated that the Gaullists would win handsomely, the general sounded out Pompidou about his future plans. Pompidou played into De Gaulle's design by confessing his extreme exhaustion...