Word: reformers
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Gorbachev also contends that the future of well-managed reform depends on the party continuing to run the show, an argument that would surely bring a smile to the face of just deposed East German party leader Egon Krenz. "Preserving the vanguard role for the party, from our point of view, is extremely necessary, especially in the time of perestroika," insists candidate Politburo member Yevgeni Primakov. "The party is the only consolidating force in our society, and in our federation...
...Congress of People's Deputies. Gorbachev recognizes that "the rates of perestroika in the party have thus far been slower than those in society, which makes it difficult for the party to carry out its leading role." If Gorbachev wants to keep the liberals' engine hitched to his reform train, a revamped Article 6 must be part of the coupling...
Still, the Americans were impressed with the candor of Polish leaders and their determination to pursue tough reform measures. Polish Deputy Prime Minister Leszek Balcerowicz was especially forthright in outlining an ambitious program to sell off state-owned enterprises, balance the budget, break the back of hyperinflation and move toward currency convertibility. Said Agriculture Secretary Clayton Yeutter, who led the mission: "We listened, and all we had to do was say 'Amen...
...exchange, no commercial banks, little experience in the rough-and-tumble of a free market. Barry Sullivan, chairman of the First National Bank of Chicago, wondered whether the Poles' eagerness will prove to have been "monumental courage or sheer folly." While none of the Americans doubted the commitment to reform at the top of the Polish government, some questioned how it would be received once subsidies are ended and prices begin fluctuating. "It will depend on the political prowess and strength of the government," said Yeutter. "There will inevitably be some slippage...
...clients in Cuba, Viet Nam, Ethiopia, Angola and Nicaragua required huge subsidies. Afghanistan was costing lives as well as money. In Eastern Europe the explosive forces of dissent were building dangerously. The stagnant Soviet economy was falling further and further behind the West. Gorbachev's only option was to reform at home and retrench abroad...