Word: religion
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...sociology and penology roused storms of controversy during the 1920s and '30s; of a heart attack; in Malibu, Calif. Ever the gadfly, in 1926 Barnes wrote that the Allies, as well as the Germans, were responsible for World War I, two years later drew the wrath of organized religion by branding God an out-of-date concept "evolved by the semibarbarous Hebrew peoples...
...century, later to the German emperors of the Holy Roman Empire and finally to the Habsburgs of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Czechs and the Slovaks were perhaps the first people in Central Europe to develop a sort of natural identity, and their first weapon was religion. They won from Rome the right to conduct their religious services in Slavonic in the 9th century. Partially as a result of this independence, the Czechs started the Reformation 100 years before Luther. The revolt was led by Jan Hus, who called for a reform of the Catholic Church and encouraged laymen...
...burned at the stake as a heretic. Taking the chalice as their symbol, his followers founded the Hussite sect, which was based on secular religion and nationalism. In 1618, after Emperor Matthias tried to check the growth of Protestantism, Czech patriots in Prague tossed two imperial officials from the windows of Hradcany Castle. In retaliation, the Habsburg armies crushed the Hussites, executed their leaders, burned Czech Bibles and outlawed the language. Though overwhelmed, the Czechs and Slovaks waged a passive resistance. As Friedrich Schiller later reflected...
Dublin's Dr. Raymond G. Cross noted that the incidence of anencephaly and of a comparable abnormality, spina bifida (failure of the spinal column to close), varied with religion. Records of 700 cases of these abnormalities showed that the rate was 2.8 per 1,000 births among Catholics, 2 per 1,000 among Protestants, and only .7 per 1,000 among Jews...
...Hubbard blandly explains it, Scientology offers nothing less than "a philosophy by which a person can live, can work, and can become better." The philosophy that Scientologists are taught is billed as a sort of religion of religions, combining parts of Hindu Veda and Dharma, Taoism, Old Testament wisdom, Buddhist principles of brotherly love and compassion, the early Greeks, Lucretius, Spinoza, Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, Spencer and Freud. Yet fundamental religious doctrines-the existence of God, for example-play no real part in the philosophy of Scientology, which is concerned solely with the here and now and is based on the twin...