Word: repressor
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...generate enough product to sell in the first place, the scientists included one more DNA sequence--one that repressed all the sterilizing genes they had just inserted. Once they had grown all the seeds they needed, they would soak them in an antibiotic bath that neutralized the genetic repressor--rendering them infertile. "This is the most intricate application of genetic engineering to date," says Margaret Mellon, a senior scientist at the Union for Concerned Scientists...
According to a news release from the Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation, Ptashne "pioneered the molecular basis of gene regulation and isolated the molecule called a 'lambda repressor' which functions as a switch turning gene expression...
Maniatis said that Ptashne and Loeb University Professor Walter Gilbert, "were the first to actually isolate a repressor...
After characterizing the lambda repressor, Ptashne began applying the principles of gene regulation in lambda phage virus to higher organisms...
Ptashne says he hopes an understanding of the basic mechanism of the repressor's activity can be applied to broader issues, such as determining the evolutionary basis of transcription-based gene regulation...