Word: rerum
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...excommunicated Martin Luther and proved incapable of dealing with the problems of the Reformation); Alexander VI (a Borgia, who practiced simony and nepotism and failed in his master plan to conquer and unify Italy); Pius VII (whose Concordat with Napoleon restored Catholicism to France); Leo XIII (whose encyclical, Rerum Novarum, first diagnosed for Catholics the sickness of contemporary society and called upon them authoritatively to cure...
...Church's great human hope is embodied in a series of papal encyclicals of which the two most fundamental are Rerum Novarum (May 15, 1891) and Quadragesima Anno (May 15, 1931). Not long after Eugenio Pacelli was born, Leo XIII looked beyond the Vatican and saw European civilization sick in body from social septicemia and sick at heart from the standing threat of war. In Rerum Novarum Leo put a fearless finger on the morbid core of Europe's social sickness. He attacked the misery of Europe's impoverished masses and those responsible for their condition...
Occasion was the 50th anniversary of Leo XIII's famed social encyclical, Rerum Novarum. Originally the Pope had intended to bring Rerum Novarum up to date in an encyclical of his own. Instead, he decided to speak directly by radio to that "worldwide Catholic meeting" made possible by "this most expedite bridge which the inventive genius of our age throws across the ether in a flash." The Pope declared his purpose "to give some further directive moral principles and three fundamental values of social and economic life: the use of material goods, labor, and the family." He gave them...
...labor-fearing world of 1891, Leo's encyclical accepted the necessity of labor unions and the occasional justification of strikes, urged decent wage standards. State regulation of industry, more equal distribution of wealth, broader ownership of property, and much else that was "radical" then. Forty years later, calling Rerum Novarum "the Magna Charta of all Catholic activity in the social sphere," Pius XI confirmed, developed and enlarged it in Quadragesimo Anno...
...defendant in Stettler v. O'Hara when the law was tested and upheld in the U.S. Supreme Court. In 1931 he was the only American bishop present when Pius XI delivered Quadragesimo Anno, and spoke for the U.S. as delegates from each Christian nation reported the effects of Rerum Novarum. "I often think," he says, "of the contrast between that pilgrimage of representatives of free labor and of today when free labor organizations practically have disappeared in Europe." Chief instrument in U.S. Catholicism's attempt to put the labor encyclical into practice is the Social Action Department...