Word: researchers
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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COMPARISONS to the movie "Wargames" were quickly made as reports spread that Cornell grad student Robert T. Morris Jr. '87-'88 had disabled thousands of computer terminals at 300 universities, hospitals and research institutions across the country. By introducing a computer virus (a program which reproduces itself from system to system), Morris effectively brought the Pentagon's Arpanet network to a dead stop without so much as an electronic whimper...
...network links: M.I.T. and the University of California, Berkeley. Last Wednesday night computers at both centers started furiously generating unwanted electronic files, clogging up their storage systems and slowing operations to a crawl. Almost immediately, similar problems began turning up at other centers throughout the network, from the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington to New Mexico's Los Alamos National Laboratory. Within hours, operators shut down thousands of machines across the country to quarantine them, severing their connections to other computers and rendering productive work all but impossible...
Other computer centers had better luck. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., alerted to the problem by colleagues at Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif., immediately "guillotined" their computers from the network to keep from getting hit. As a preventive measure, Maryland's Goddard Space Flight Center shut off its system on Thursday. Eventually, the Defense Department brought down both Arpanet and Milnet and began efforts to tighten the security of the networks...
...CHIEF OF RESEARCH: Betty Satterwhite Sutter...
...PACKAGERS. Every campaign is less spontaneous than the last, as the candidates -- some eagerly and others grudgingly -- submit to the discipline of their handlers. The growing sophistication of such research techniques as focus groups and audience meters enhances the underlying cynicism of modern politics. As on Wall Street, success is measured solely by the bottom line -- never mind such idealistic notions as conducting a dialogue with the electorate...