Word: researchers
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...ropes of the drug trade. In fact, a body of scientists and educators maintains that it is the primary means by which people learn. "If you look at any successful learning situation, chances are you will find elements of apprenticeship," says John Seely Brown of the Institute for Research on Learning in Palo Alto, Calif...
Apprenticeship has produced promising results in various experimental programs. Techniques devised by Ann Brown and Annemarie Palincsar, while doing education research at the University of Illinois, raised reading-comprehension , scores in a Springfield seventh-grade class from 20% to 80% in 20 days. The method was to make the children approach a text the way a teacher does: by formulating questions, summarizing, predicting what will come next and isolating problems...
...computer-based teaching tools that work with students much the way a teacher does, walking them through incorrect answers to show where they went astray. The key to these new tools is the concept of apprenticeship. Says Lauren Resnick, past president of the 14,500-member American Educational Research Association: "Apprenticeship has the promise of building abstract abilities in our children that are well grounded in actual experience...
After some recruiting during the past two years, Harvard now has a core of about half a dozen ethicists among its 108-member faculty. Only a few of the nine professors who teach the first-year module can be considered ethics scholars, having devoted significant research to issues in the field...
Teaching and research itself is being suffocated by thickening layers of bureaucracy. The dominant building on Harvard's campus is no longer University Hall but Holyoke Center, heart of Harvard's enormous officialdom. Moreover, an endless series of advisers are placed throughout the school in order to make the University more "sensitive" and "aware." The residential Houses, intended as intellectual enclaves within a large university, have become the best place to talk about one's sexual, social or drug problems, but not ideas--your's or anyone else...