Word: restraints
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...relatively smooth relationship between Israel and Egypt since Sadat's death hardly helped to quell anxieties as Israel prepared to relinquish the last part of the Sinai on April 25. Hints by Israel that it might attack P.L.O. strongholds in southern Lebanon were also deeply worrying. To urge restraint on all parties, Washington dispatched Special Envoy Philip Habib to the region once again...
...ruse to lull us while the Kremlin prepared a geopolitical offensive? Or were the Soviets sobered by Nixon's firmness into settling for restraint? Did they seek detente only as a tactical maneuver? Or was there a serious possibility for a long period of stability in U.S.-Soviet relations...
Kissinger notes that his concept of "linkage"-insisting that the Soviets exercise restraint in international conduct in return for trade arrangements or technology exchanges-had long been decried as "an unworkable relic of the cold war." Now detractors of linkage not only adopted the theory, "they went us one better." Says Kissinger: "They linked most-favored-nation status for the Soviet Union not only with Soviet foreign-policy conduct but with Soviet emigration practices. During Nixon's first term we had, by quiet diplomacy, raised Jewish emigration from 400 a year...
Arms control has a complicated history. In the earliest days of the nuclear age, some concerned scientists had argued that unilateral restraint would induce the Soviets to follow suit. There was not the slightest proof that the Soviets operated by such a maxim, and overwhelming evidence to the contrary. Secretary of Defense Harold Brown said during the Carter Administration: "We have found that when we build weapons, they build; when we stop, they nevertheless continue to build...
...dove on SALT, earning opponents on both sides. I was convinced we had to strengthen conventional forces. But I also saw an important role for SALT in our national security policy. I did not believe that arms control could by itself ease tensions. Indeed, if not linked to some restraint of the geopolitical competition, strategic arms control might become a safety valve for Soviet expansionism. Every tune there was a Soviet aggressive move, there would be appeals that the new tensions now made arms-control talks even more important. This is why I favored linkage...