Word: retrofit
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...little guys skipped the interim solutions favored by majors like United and American, such as rigging a horizontal bar across the cockpit door, chiefly because they could: the big carriers have hundreds of planes to retrofit, and that takes time and money. Frontier, which has both Boeing and Airbus aircraft in its 31-plane fleet, decided that the bars weren't up to the job. "[That bar] is simply a feel-good measure," says one pilot from a major carrier. Frontier's engineers were unable to find any acceptable hardened cockpit doors quickly and eventually built their own from scratch...
...Each retrofit starts with an audit. Teachers and pupils are taught to measure how much energy and water are consumed at their school and how much solid waste is produced. Through classroom guides and training sessions, Destination Conservation staff members then identify behavioral changes that kids and teachers can make--turning off lights after use, recycling cafeteria plates--to cut waste. The kids monitor the effects; typically, utility bills fall...
...savings come in year two, when an energy-services company, partnering with Destination Conservation, implements a technical retrofit: installing superefficient light bulbs, low-flow showerheads and the like. The retrofitter guarantees that the school will enjoy substantially lower--usually between 20% and 30%--utility bills. If not, the retrofitter must pay the difference...
...These projects will fund a positive cash flow for schools," says David Theriault, manager of national institutional accounts at PG&E Energy Services in California, Staszenski's partner in a proposed retrofit of San Francisco's public schools. A recent PG&E retrofit of 25 schools in San Jose is expected to generate a $581,194 return over 15 years, says Theriault. The school district is using the money for asbestos abatement...
...homes, businesses and public buildings around the world all achieved the 30% cuts that a Destination Conservation retrofit gives schools, society would be halfway to the 50% to 70% reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions needed to avoid severe global warming. Thus the retrofits send a message to adults, says Staszenski: "If kids can do it, what's your problem...