Word: reviewable
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...ended at Brussels International Airport, where Nixon became the first U.S. President to visit Belgium since Woodrow Wilson arrived triumphantly in 1919 after negotiating the Treaty of Versailles. The President was met by Belgium's young King Baudouin, who led him down a 200-yd. red carpet to review a guard of honor. Nixon greeted NATO Secretary-General Manlio Brosio among the potted palms and pink azaleas of the royal tent, and then, with the King at his side, drove to the Palais Royale de Bruxelles...
DESPITE APPEARANCES, Arthur Jensen's forthcoming article on race and heredity is not simply a revival of the 1930's genre of racist propaganda cloaked in scientific jargon. The Harvard Education Review article is less evil and more dangerous than that. It is a calm and eloquent statement of a very old hypothesis on the roles of environment and gene structure in determining all human intelligence. The hypothesis has implications for racial differences in intelligence, which opens it to attack on moral grounds, but arguing against it solely on an ideological basis would leave it unanswered on its own terms...
Though Jensen's work deals with subject matter far broader than the racial issue, his review of the genetic influence on intelligence was apparently triggered by developments in urban education. Recent discoveries have severely jolted scholars of urban school systems. Academics spent the last decade arguing that improving the environment of black children with infusions of money and material would bring them up to educational parity with whites. Out of this academic barrage emerged the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, which has poured billions of dollars into compensatory education for the disadvantaged in urban schools. Now, four years...
Jensen goes on to review many studies on the IQ's of different members of the same families and conclude that heretability explains 75 per cent of the observed differences in all human intelligence (as measured by traditional tests). The other 25 per cent is determined by environmental factors...
...developing his argument, Jensen, makes some notable contributions to educational thought -- contributions which almost all the respondents (environmentalists solicited by the Harvard Education Review to criticize Jensen's piece) praised and accepted. Jensen disposes first of the concept of the "average child," the assumption that all children are essentially alike in the way they learn and in what they learn best. This notion, that kids are like so many dolls from the same assembly line, is responsible for much of the curricular and instructional rigidity that has crippled both black and white education in this country. Jensen's emphasis...